Gas and water packer for oil-wells



(No Model.)

E. B. BREW. I GAS AND WATER' PAGKER VF011. OIL WELLS.

No. 295,747. Patented Mar. 25, 1884.

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cAs AND WBATERPACKER FOR OIL-WELLS,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 295,747, dated March 25, 1884.

'Application nieu August 18,1883. (No model.)

in the well toprevent the water from the up- 1 per strata of rock from iiowing down the well into the oil-producing stratum, and also to the packer used to confine the gas in the well, the object Ibeing to combine them both in one contlivance and make that contrivance very much cheaper and more effectual than the devices at present in use. i

The present method of oilwells is as follows:

First, a conductonpipe is driven or dug down to the solid rock, this conductor-pipe being either a wooden box or an iron pipe about eight inches in inside diameter.V Below this the hole is drilled, about seven inches inside diameter, until the drill passes through all the water-producing strata, when the casing 7 is put in, `which is a string of pipe usually iive and five-eighths inchesfinside diameter, reaching from the surface to the bottom of the well as far as now drilled, and restingon the rock on the present bottom. The length of this casing varies in the different wells, according to the depth at which the lowest waterdrilling and tubing producing stratum is found, from one or two hundred to two thousand feet. Through this drilled to the oil-producing rock, the casing resting on the shoulder left between thelarger and smaller hole, and eectually cutting off the flowage of water into the lower part of the well. After the drilling is completed,the tub ing77 is inserted, which is a smaller string of pipe reaching from the surface to the oil-producing rock. Around this tubing, and above the oil-producing rock, is placcda packer, generally a cylinder of rubber, to entirely fill the space between the outside of the tubing and the walls of the well. This prevents the escape of gas around the tubing, the gas then exerting a pressure upon the surface of the oil and forcing it up through4 the tubing, producing whatis .y called a ilowing well.7

l By my device I claim to produce the same results as are now produced by the casing and the paekerdescribed above. V

My device is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a sectional View, showing tubingas having a short sliding motion through the head of the casing, and

Fig. 2 showing the tubing as xred to the casing-V head. i Y Y Similar letters refer to similar parts.

A represents the walls of the well of the greater diameter; B, the walls of the well of the lesser diameter; O, the` rock shoulder between the two diameters; DD, the tubing.

E is a joint of casing, open atthe lower end, the upper end being filled bythe casing-head or plug F. In Eig.` l this plug is shown as having an opening, O, in the center of slightly greater diameter than the outside of the tubing D, and through which a section, G, of the tubing plays.

H I are collars on the tubing above and below the plug F, and are of greater external diameter than the opening O. This arrangement allows of a free vertical motion of the tubing through the plug E between the collars H and I. The plug Fis recessed upon its upper surface to receive the collar H, and in this recess the packing-ring K is inserted.

In use, when'the well is being tubed, at the proper place in the tubing D the section G is inserted with its external appliances of the plug F and joint of casing E suspended from it and upheld1 by the collar I. The tubing is lowered into the well until the lower end of the casing E rests on the shoulder C in the wall ofthe well. The further progress of the casing is arrested and the tubing D follows down until the collar H engages with the plug F and rests upon the packing-ring K. The whole weight Iof the tub? ing then rests upon the plug F, and ccnsequently upon the casing E, pressing it down to airm seat upon the shoulder C, making it a watertight joint. The lower edge of the casing E may be sharpened, if desired, as shownin the drawings, so as to more effectually cut its'seat into the rock. Water is thus prevented from l owin g downward around the casing,whle the collar H, resting on the packing-ring K, prevents it from passing inside the casing, and itis.

shut off from the bottom of the well,and at the same time the hydrostatic pressure upon the IOO top of the plug F is more firmly seating the F, when the water is'allowed' to iiow down through the annular space around the tubing into the well, in that manner relieving the water-pressure on the plug F. After the waterpressure is removed, the whole appliance is drawn from the well. Fig. 2 in the drawings illustrates the same device, only the tubing is rigidly attached to the plug F, dispensing with the collars H and I, the slip-joint G, and the packing-ring K. In this the casing must be raised from its seat before the water-pressure is relieved.

Y. rIhis packer must be at some point between thelowest water-bearing stratum and the top of the oil-bearing rock, and may be at anypoint between the two as may be desired at the drilling of the well, the only precaution being to make the shoulder C at the point where it is desired to place the packer.

I `claim as my invention- 1. The casing E, seated upon the shoulder C,

and having at its top lend the plug F, forming' I a water-tightjoint between the casing E and the tubing D, as a device for shutting off the water from tlie bottom of an Artesian well, substantially as described.

2. In oil or Artesian wells, a combined gas and water packer, consisting ofa joint of casing, and apipelargerthan the tubing ofthe well, the lower end oi'said casi ng being seated on a shoulder in the rock walls of the well,and the upper end being fitted with a plug or reducer to entirely fill the annular space between the top of the casing and the tubing, substantially as described.

3. A gas and water packer for oil and Artesian wells, consisting of the joint of casing E, seated at the lower end on the seat G in the rock wall of the well, and having at its upper end the plug F, said plug iitting loosely around the joint G of the tubing D, in combination with the joint G of the tubing D, said joint having the collars H and I above and below the plug F, the collar H engaging with a recessin the plug F, the joint between being packed and rmade water-tight bythe packing-ring K, and

the whole weight of the tubing resting on the plug F, the whole constructed substantially as described,and for the purposes herein set forth.

EUGENE B. FREW. Witnesses:

W. G. HUNTER, SAMUEL GRUMBINE. 

